The deal was signed in Washington by the UK technology secretary Michelle Donelan and the US commerce secretary.

According to Donelan, the agreement is needed to manage the next generation of AI models which she said could be “complete game-changers and we don’t know the full capabilities that they will offer yet”.

The agreement will see an exchange of research expertise between the UK’s newly established AI Safety Institute and the US equivalent, which is yet to start operating.

The aim of the agreement is to mitigate the risks of AI, including how to independently evaluate private AI models from organisations such as AI.

While the UK government has stated that it does not intend to regulate AI more broadly, the US has adopted a stricter stance. Meanwhile the EU is set to introduce the EU AI Act which will see guardrails placed on the development and use of AI models.